Particle (Basic ㊦ 168)
A marker for an embedded yes-no question.
Equivalent: Whether or not; if (~ or not)
| (i) {V/Adjective い} informal | か(どうか) | |
| {話す /話した} か(どうか) | Whether or not someone talks/talked | |
| {高い /高かった} か(どうか) | Whether or not something is/was expensive | |
| (ii) {Adjective な stem/ N} | {Ø/だった} か(どうか) | |
| {静か /静かだった} か(どうか) | Whether or not something is/was quiet | |
| {先生 /先生だった} か(どうか) | Whether or not someone is/was a teacher |
1. When the optional どうか is used, the embedded question has to be a yes-no question. If it is not used,then the question can be either a yes-no question or an interrogative word question.
2. Typical final verbs include, among others, verbs of knowing, examining, understanding, asking, remembering, and deciding.
3. Sentnece informal か(どうか
) can be used as a noun phrase that takes particles such as が and を.