か(どうか)

Particle (Basic 168)

A marker for an embedded yes-no question.

Equivalent: Whether or not; if (~ or not)

鈴木さんが大学に入った(どうか)(は)知らない・知りません。
I don't know whether or not Mr. Suzuki entered college.
小川さんが結婚しているかどうか知っていますか。
Do you know if Mr. Ogawa is married or not?
フォークナーの小説が面白いかどうか知らない。
I don't know if Faulkner's novels are interesting.
山口先生がお元気かどうか存じません。
I don't know if Professor Yamaguchi is healthy.

Formation

(i) {V/Adjective い} informal (どうか)  
  {話す /話した} (どうか) Whether or not someone talks/talked
  {高い /高かった} (どうか) Whether or not something is/was expensive
(ii) {Adjective な stem/ N} {Ø/だった} (どうか)  
  {静か /静かだった} (どうか) Whether or not something is/was quiet
  {先生 /先生だった} (どうか) Whether or not someone is/was a teacher

Notes

1. When the optional どうか is used, the embedded question has to be a yes-no question. If it is not used,then the question can be either a yes-no question or an interrogative word question.

2. Typical final verbs include, among others, verbs of knowing, examining, understanding, asking, remembering, and deciding.

3. Sentnece informal (どうか) can be used as a noun phrase that takes particles such as が and を.